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I Am Psychiatry For Kids Some children require multiple ADHD medications to get the best results. Children should take their medication regularly. Stimulant drugs work by helping normal brain chemicals improve concentration, and control impulses. They are available in liquid form, extended-release capsules, or pill form. The doctor will start you with a low dosage and then monitor your reaction to the drug. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant that is a treatment for the symptoms of narcolepsy as well as ADHD symptoms. It works by increasing the levels of dopamine in the brain, which boosts concentration and improves mood. It is a controlled substance which means it is only available with a prescription and must be prescribed by a physician. Methylphenidate may be taken in tablets or capsules, as an oral solution or as transdermal patches. The type of methylphenidate prescribed depends on the diagnosis of the doctor as well as other factors. Methylphenidate could cause side effects, such as stomachache or headache dry mouth, a fast heartbeat, shakiness or anxiety. It can cause facial tics in certain people that are rapid movements in the muscles of the face that aren't controlled. This is a problem that occurs in less than one out of 100 people taking methylphenidate. It is important to inform your doctor right away if your child or you begin to experience this issue. It can also cause an increase in heart rate and blood pressure that your doctor will closely watch while you are taking it. Some people may also suffer from a skin reaction like a rash, that is itchy, swollen or blistered. It may also affect the blood flow to the fingers and feet (Raynaud’s disease). This is extremely serious and needs immediate treatment in hospital. Generally, methylphenidate is considered to be safe for most people if taken as directed. It can cause a dangerous drop in blood pressure if taken in excess or too often. It may also make you feel sleepy and dizzy It's not recommended that you drive or operate machinery when you take it. Methylphenidate is rated as a Schedule II drug, which means it is a drug that could be abused. It could also trigger addiction in some people. It is best not to share your medication. The best way to help stop this from happening is to keep your methylphenidate in a locked cupboard and only use the amount recommended by your doctor. Amphetamines Amphetamines, a class of medications, are used to treat ADHD in children, adolescents and adults. They work by increasing levels of certain brain chemicals, increasing concentration, and helping to control the impulsive behavior. They can also help with certain symptoms of Tourette's. They are available in immediate-release tablets and extended-release capsules as well as an oral solution. They are controlled drugs in the UK (class C), meaning that you must be signed in by a doctor when collecting these medications. The majority of people take them once each week, however some people may take them twice. Atomoxetine works differently than other stimulant medications. It can be prescribed to children and teenagers over the age of 5 if methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine aren't available. It works in a different way to other stimulant medicines, but may be offered to children and teens older than five if it's impossible to take methylphenidate or Lisdexamfetamine or for adults when the condition is recognized in this group. It is usually taken as a capsule every day or twice per day. Stimulant medications are widely abused. It's important to ensure that your child's or teen's medication secure, out of sight and reach of your friends and should not be shared or sold with other people. It could be risky to use the medication in the incorrect method. For instance, crushing the medication and injecting it. Certain street drugs, including MDMA (ecstasy) and methamphetamine, are made from amphetamines. Amphetamines can be addictive and have side effects that can be difficult to manage, especially for older people. These side effects can include extreme exhaustion and irritation. They could also include cravings, a desire to continue taking the drug, as well as an extreme fatigue. Talk to your doctor in the event that you or your child experiences any of these side-effects. If you or your child is taking long-acting stimulants it is important to be aware of the risk of a sudden drop in blood pressure when the medication is stopped. Call triple zero (000), an ambulance, as soon as this happens. This can be very dangerous and could result in a heart attack, stroke or even death. You can seek help and advice from your doctor by talking to them about the effects of stopping the medication or decreasing it. Long-acting stimulants Stimulants can assist people with ADHD remain focused to complete their tasks and improve their relationships. However, not everyone is able to respond to this class of medication. The negative side effects, such as anxiety and heart palpitations, and the negative effects on appetite and sleep are typically unpleasant. These issues can keep people from taking the medication they need. There are ways to ease these adverse effects. Your doctor can reduce the dose of your medication or switch you to another one. Self-help strategies can make a massive difference. The majority of people who take an ADHD medication must be closely monitored by an expert in medical care. This is due to the fact that it can take anywhere from a couple of weeks to a month for the medication's effects to reach its full effect. Also, it is essential to find the appropriate dosage for you. The medical professional may ask about your or your child's daily routine and habits to determine what is effective for you, and will look at any other health conditions that may be a problem. The most well-known forms of long-acting stimulants include Concerta, Focalin and Ritalin SR, as well as Vyvanse. All of these drugs belong to a class of drugs referred to as methylphenidates. They have been in use for many years. Some are sold as liquids and chewable tablets, whereas others come on skin patches for children who do not want to swallow pills. Another type of long-acting ADHD medication is the amphetamine category comprising Adderall and Dexedrine. These have a more potent and last longer than methylphenidates, and can be taken in a variety of ways, such as as a powder for some youngsters who aren't able take pills. Some children prefer taking these medicines in combination with juice or milk. Strattera (atomoxetine) and Qelbree (viloxazine) are psychostimulants that have a long-lasting effect but are not in the amphetamine or methylphenidate groups. They are in a group of drugs called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. They work by increasing the levels of a brain chemical known as norepinephrine. They can also decrease the symptoms of impulsivity and hyperactivity. Other medications If the stimulants aren't working or have undesirable side effects, your doctor may prescribe non-stimulant medication. These drugs take longer to begin working however they can enhance your ability to focus and manage your impulses. They also help reduce depression and anxiety that can be a result of ADHD. Doctors may also recommend therapy to help you learn how to manage your symptoms and to improve your behavior. They might recommend that you avoid certain foods, beverages or activities known to cause problems for people with ADHD. Stimulants regulate the levels of two chemical messengers in your brain called norepinephrine and dopamine. Norepinephrine enhances concentration, whereas dopamine helps to improve it. There are 12 medications that are approved to treat ADHD. These include methylphenidate hydrochloride, lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, amphetamine sulfate, dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride/serdexmethylphenidate chloride, mixed amphetamine salts and atomoxetine (Strattera). Atomoxetine is the first drug to be approved as a non-stimulant for adults suffering from ADHD. It is a selective inhibitor of norepinephrine synthesis, which means that it boosts the levels of norepinephrine within the brain. Other drugs that belong to this group include guanfacine hydrochloride (Tenex and Intuniv) and the clonidine hydrochloride (Catapres). Doctors may prescribe antidepressants that boost the levels of the chemical messenger dopamine in the brain. Bupropion is typically prescribed as an antidepressant to treat adult ADHD. It is often prescribed “off-label” to treat ADHD if it appears alongside depression or substance abuse disorders, specifically cannabis and nicotine addiction. There are some experts who believe there is a connection between mood and ADHD. Antidepressants may be useful in treating ADHD symptoms, as well as improving mood. The NHS suggests that you speak with your GP prior to taking these medications. If your GP determines that medication is right for you, they will prescribe a dose and start you on small doses which they will then gradually increase over the course of a few weeks. Your GP will monitor you regularly to make sure the treatment is helping and also to check for any adverse effects that could occur. They can also refer you to a specialist like psychologist or counselor for further assistance.